Analysis of Documentary ” the End of the Line”

The end of the line The end of the line is a part of a new wave of documentaries that not only seek prizes at Film Festival and wasn’t just primarily made to make money but change the opinions of dozens of people. What is happening to the world fish stocks is an under reported issue and End of the Line seeks to address this problem and make the issue reportable. The film was directed by Rupert Murray and narrated by Ted Danson. But the whole film is based on a book By Charles Clover himself a fisherman who tells us about his happiness when he first caught a big great salmon .Other researchers , scientists and just fishermen travel around the world to get people to pay attention to the problem of factory fishing which has reduced and made some fish species extinct . In many ways this film is like a funeral for fish . The scientists predict that if we continue fishing as we are now , we will see the end of most seafood by 2048 . The film takes us around the fishing world to the places like Alaska , Canada , Senegal and Bahamas . The film presentation is less like an investigation but more about discovering the guilty criminals because of which fish is disappearing .The film defines them and we listen to expert witnesses who explains us about why those people are guilty . The documentary opens on a colourful ecosystem that immerses us into the beauty of the underwater world , shows us how this world swarming with life and how it is full of various kinds of fish . Credits calmly fade in and out of the picture as beautiful fish dart in and out of coral reefs, filling the screen with happiness and vibrancy. The credits finish rolling and the music that has been playing in the background transforms from cheerful to suspenseful and dramatic .Drab, gray colors suddenly replace the bright ones, and short scenes begin to flash in sync with the music. Huge boats charge through the sea like a tank rolling into a battlefield. A fisherman’s silhouette appears an d he brandishes a knife, plunghing it into a flopping fish. Red, vibrant blood squirts everywhere, even splashing onto the screen, and it drips from the knife of the fisherman . Quick cuts , dramatic close-ups , emotional music , and vivid details are all characteristics of this film .Colors and music in this documentary , that were mentiod earlier , are directed to convey a message of hatred and disgust towards anglers , even before a single word is said . The violent shots of fish being hit in the head, nets filled with flopping fish (complete with an unpleasant slapping sound), and knives creating gushing stab wounds in huge tuna are accompanied by slow, dramatic music and music that could be straight from a horror movie. One shot from within an underwater net shows a few fish with panicked faces, eyes wide, and mouths open, lunging toward the camera as if screaming, â€Å"Let me out! . In this film , fish is occasionally personified , making people that are shown in scenes at s ushi restaurants while eating seafood and talking about how they enjoy eating it and how they love fish , in interviews is represented as they are cannibalistic fish murderers . The diction in this film is mostly voice-over and interviewees . The definite attempt of voice-over is to manipulate the emotions of audience . What about the interwiewees , many of them are very passionate about the issues presented in this documentary , and it shows in the word choice that they use .In the interviews what they do is that they are encouraging and persuading people to stop consuming fish in such big amounts as we do now , to stop fishing ilegally or reduce catch of fish , to prevent this tradegy , otherwise we will see the end of seafood . They also represent us the statistics that are intimidating . Those statistics and interwievs create a horrifying atmosphere and mood . The method of this film is to shock audience . This is the great move to engage people , because it is a shock and fear that makes people be more serious and change the way they think and their worldview .And the dramatic music only feeds those feelings . As it was mentioned earlier the film takes part in different parts of the world . For example in Africa the fishing business is very well developed , but as they were asborbing and catching fish in large quantities this led them to a shotage of fish as well as to the loss of jobs . Since fish and fishing itself for them is one of the most important kinds of food and job , many fishermen were forced to go to Europe to infiltrate their families . And this is already one of the examples that the fish is being extincted .Another example that fish is being extincted is that some corporations and fishermen cheat because they can and don’t get caught . In the documentary , a passionate Mielgo described the role of Mitsubishi that’s located in Japan in the decline of bluefin tuna . He believes the company is stockpiling bluefin for the day whe n the species will be extinct and the price of their highly regarded flesh will skyrocket. The bluefin situation demonstrates what multinational corporations, international fishing policy, and consumer demand can do to a wild species.The film gives us a lot of information, using statistics, scientists, fishermen, and people associated with the fishing industry, which makes us feel truthfully about this film and believe it and to take their message and really try to make a difference in the underwater world . All in all the main purpose of this film is to reach people , to make them to imagine an ocean without fish . Imagine their meals without seafood . Imagine the global consequences . To show that this is the future if we do not stop , the purpose is to make people think and act wisely .

Rhetorical Analysis of “Making a Killing off Captivity” by Melissa Richards

Kept in captivity since 1961, orcas have been spectacles for millions of people each year who flock to marine parks around the world in hopes of entertainment and education. The chance to get close to such an incredible creature that one may not have the opportunity to see otherwise is undoubtedly an amazing experience. But Melissa Richards questions in â€Å"Making a Killing off Captivity†, at what cost are we getting this experience? She argues that the positive image big-name aquatic parks create for animals is in actual fact leading people to unknowingly support a cruel industry. Explaining the detrimental effects of taking an orca out of its natural habitat, Richards emphasizes her concern for the conservation of Orcas and the importance of treating these powerful and dangerous creatures with respect. Richards begins by setting a joyful scene of a SeaWorld orca performance, an invitation for the reader to enter a high spirited fun spectacle of an orca. Weighing several tonnes the orca circles, leaps and splashes the delighted audience. Suddenly, the mood shifts horrifically as the trainer becomes victim to an orca attack in front of a stunned audience. The sharp change in mood is established by Richards when she says, â€Å"The show ended to a usual bout of applause and cheers, until ‘Tilly' grabbed his trainer, Dawn Brancheau, by her ponytail and dragged the woman into his tank. † Just as one would think that the spectacle was over, the reader is shocked at the unexpected ending as the audience would have been at Seaworld. The reader's perception of the orca as being a fun loving, friendly creature, emphasized by the amusing nickname ‘Tilly', immediately changes to perceiving the orca as a villain. Richards questions â€Å"what could have prompted this sudden violent outburst from Tilikum, a whale who has been in captivity for almost thirty years? † This question brings new dimension to the matter at hand. Suddenly the situation isn't as black and white as one would have assumed. She elaborates by stating, â€Å"the stress of being captive and made to perform daily had elicited a frustration against his trainer†. Richards manipulates the reader's perception towards the orca, from a villain to a victim. The deliberate changes of perception towards orcas helps in avoiding predictability in Richards' argument, this is an effective way to keep the reader focused and intrigued in her writing. Richards elaborates by stating that captivity has had many detrimental effects on orcas including ‘atypical illnesses, erratic behavior, deformities, neurotic problems and early death'. These conditions bring light to the fact that the matter at hand is life threatening and ‘counterproductive to the goals of wildlife appreciation and conservation'. Intertwining these critical issues of wildlife conservation and animal cruelty, she stresses the urgency in her argument. There is a need to convey the message that action must be taken immediately. It is acknowledged that to know whether the orcas are being mistreated in their artificial habitat, we must know the natural habitat of an orca. Richards does a commendable job of familiarizing the reader the sheer magnitude of a creature that many people are unknown to via statistics. Travelling â€Å"one hundred nautical miles every day† (qtd Landeau 1) and weighing â€Å"1. to 3. 6 tons† it is no wonder that their power and strength has earned them the nickname of the â€Å"wolves of the sea†. Despite the general unfamiliarity of these exotic creatures, Richards draws comparisons of the behavior and characteristics of Orcas to that of humans. Orcas have been found to create social and familial bonds with one another, The idea that whales share similar bonds to thei r family as we do encourages the readers to change their belief that whales may not be as alien of a species as they had imagined. This is further elaborated when Richards states â€Å"Mothers are the main caretakers of their offspring, but fathers will remain with their own matriarchal pod, helping to care for the young within this maternal line. † Words such as â€Å"caretakers†, â€Å"helping† and â€Å"care† appeal to the reader's emotions as we see how affectionate the orca species can be within their pod just as we are affectionate to our kin. â€Å"The familial bonds within orca pods are very strong and only can be broken through death and capture of member† (qtd Williams 9). Suddenly, the loving image of an orca pod is brought back to our harsh reality as she clearly states that captivity devastates innocent orca families. While Richards draws emphasis to the social behavior of orcas, she also informs us of their impressive cognitive abilities. â€Å"orcas are one of the few animals besides humans to have such distinctive language and shared speech patterns among individuals living in the same area† This shows that not only do orcas have strong communal bond with each other, they also communicate so effectively that this is a rare occurrence in the animal kingdom. She stresses the similarity between the reader and the orca species here, this creates familiarity. Moreover, she compares the habitat and behavior of orcas in the wild to those held captive in marine parks. Incorporating the opinion of a former Seaworld trainer (Jeffrey Ventre), a truly credible source considering her experience, the argument is strengthened by a bold statement. â€Å"the SeaWorld system is the best of all seaquaria in the world, if I was an orca, that would be the last place I'd want to live† This suggests that even at its best, marine parks and seaquarias are far from the ideal habitat for an orca. Ventre compares an orca tank to â€Å"an acoustically dead cement pond† emphasizing the numbing atmosphere of a captive orca's habitat. Case studies of orcas being neurologically and physically damaged because of captivity add credibility to Richards case. Due to â€Å"inadequate space in which to swim† (qtd Williams 52), the dorsal fins of an orca can collapse. This could happen as a result of colliding with the side of the small tank. The size of orca tanks can have great effect on the neurological stability of an orca where some have been documented to self induce physical damage. According to ‘Listening to Whales' by Alexandra Morton, a young killer whale was observed â€Å"rushing over to a particular spot and banging her head against the underside of a dock†. Swimming in circles and being separated from their families causes the orca to become neurotic. Isolation can be severely detrimental for an orca as some are forced to be in solitary confinement. If orcas cannot adapt to captivity they are made to endure horrifying conditions as in the case study of â€Å"Junior† who died â€Å"lethargic and psychotic† after being kept in an indoor pool without natural light and other orcas. Richards emphasized that orcas are highly social creatures so the idea that it is common practice for captive orcas to be isolated is truly shocking. To further support her argument, Richards shows us how captivity is harmful to orcas with the use of numbers and statistics. After the first orca was taken into captivity in 1961 â€Å"at least 106 (79%) are now dead† (qtd Williams 4). The average lifespan of an orca is approximately sixty to eighty years, which means the majority of orcas do not die from a natural death. This is addressed when Richards states â€Å"one in five of these deaths were a result of avoidable or preventable causes†. It is clear that preventing the death of orcas is not unachievable if more people knew the risks of captivity. Richards appeals to the reader by explaining how the relationship between a mother orca and it's offspring can be heartbreakingly affected by living in a tank. After a giving birth to a series of orcas that died in weeks, â€Å"Corky† the killer whale was encountering a problem in which her offspring could not instinctually find the spot on Corky to nurse on. This is because of the circular nature of the tank. In the wild, orcas travel in straight lines that make it easier for the offspring to feed. Corky had been continuously pregnant for almost ten years and â€Å"finally at the young age of twenty one, Corky stopped ovulating. † † The death of multiple innocent babies that was so easily avoidable is tragic and makes the reader sympathize with these creatures. Other occurrences that may not be seen in the wild is aggression between orcas. Richards documents a sickening account of two orcas fighting aggressively. â€Å"As Kandu hemorrhaged into the tank and spouted blood from her blowhole onto the stage, SeaWorld staffed ushered a shocked audience out of the audience†¦ This gruesome event graphically conveys the point that captivity induces strange behavior in orcas, ultimately due to neurological damage. This study makes a point of noting the sheer strength and ferocity that an orca can possess. Overall I believe Richards does a commendable job of conveying her argument. She uses credible sources and reliable statistics in order to support her point of view. I have personally been to an orca show in California, reading this article made me reflect on that experience and completely change my percep tion. At the time the experience was completely positive and almost magical as we stepped in to a fantasy land where Shamu was almost a cartoon character, jumping and leaping out of glee. Reading this article has made me realize that Shamu is far from an enchanting Disney character but is actually one of the fiercest, most powerful predators in the ocean. Richards has achieved this with her various case studies that enlightened me on the magnitude of an orca and its ability to kill not only humans but other orcas too. She has persuaded the reader to support her argument with the use of emotions. However, Richards has made an effort to avoid rambling needlessly to provoke empathy by using clear facts to accompany her opinions. An aspect of her research paper that I would change would be the incorporation of the Vancouver Aquarium. The aim of Richards argument was to eliminate captivity in order to conserve the orca population and animal cruelty. However, she has shown Vancouver aquarium in a positive light by stating it â€Å"eliminates parallel surfaces, reduces noise transmission and improves acoustics within the water†. Although Vancouver Aquarium vowed to end orca shows after the death of an orca in their aquarium, I believe Richards message in this quotation is that these conditions are acceptable for an orca in captivity. My personal belief is that no orca should be taken from their natural habitat and away from their pod at all. I believe that this article was written at a point in time that it was needed the most. Conservation and wildlife protection is of utmost importance as hundreds of species a day are rapidly moving towards extinction. This article has shown that we need to be more aware of how we treat animals. Ultimately, Richards has done a fantastic job of educating the reader about a topic that is alien to many. With the use of powerful statistics, thought provoking points and emotional case studies, she has produced a strong argument. The ultimate reaction I believe many readers will walk away from this article with is disappointment, distaste and disillusionment towards orca shows and marine parks. The next time one makes a trip to SeaWorld they must question whether they are going for a day of education and entertainment or whether they are supporting a business built on exploitation of innocent orcas.

Political philosophy Essay

Philosophy is the study of general and fundamental problems, such as those connected with reality, existence, knowledge, values, reason, mind, and language. Philosophy is distinguished from other ways of addressing such problems by its critical, generally systematic approach and its reliance on rational argument. In more casual speech, by extension, â€Å"philosophy† can refer to â€Å"the most basic beliefs, concepts, and attitudes of an individual or group† The word â€Å"philosophy† comes from the Ancient Greek (philosophia), which literally means â€Å"love of wisdom†. [5][6][7] The introduction of the terms â€Å"philosopher† and â€Å"philosophy† has been ascribed to the Greek thinker Pythagoras. Philosophy, which literally means â€Å"the love of wisdom,† is one of the oldest disciplines in history. There are many ideas about philosophers and what they do. Some have even considered the field to be a science that deals with logic and reason. Either way, many famous philosophers have made their contributions known to the world through their writings and their students. Below is a list of the greatest thinkers of all time along with their most important theories about  human nature and other ponderings of the world. Philosophy, which literally means â€Å"the love of wisdom,† is one of the oldest disciplines in history. There are many ideas about philosophers and what they do. Some have even considered the field to be a science that deals with logic and reason. Either way, many famous philosophers have made their contributions known to the world through their writings and their students. Below is a list of the greatest thinkers of all time along with their most important theories about human nature and other ponderings of the world. Karl Marx (1818-1883) Famous For: The Communist Manifesto, co-founder  and father of Socialism & Communism Karl Marx is better known as the â€Å"father of socialism and communism,† one follows the other. Marx has been labeled as a â€Å"revolutionary socialist† for his belief in what has been called dictatorship of Voltaire (1694-1778) Famous For: his philosophical wit French philosopher Francois-Marie Arouet was a well known during the 18th century. He is better known under his pseudonym, Voltaire. Voltaire was an advocate of some of the most basic freedoms, he believed in the freedom of expression, religion and voiced this through his witty writing. One of his the proletariat. In addition to espousing his own philosophies , he was also a sociologist, economist, journalist, and historian. favorite targets was the Catholic church. Socrates (c. 469-399 BC) Famous For: the Socratic Method of logic and a founder of Western philosophy His story began in his hometown of Athens, Greece but unfolded through the writings of his students and fellow philosophers. The field of ethics was the specialty of Socrates and introduced a concept that has been dubbed as elenchus, or the Socratic method. He contributed much to the field of logic and epistimology. Plato (c. 428-348 BC). Famous For: Platonic idealism & the theory of forms Athenian native Plato, and his role in western philosophy can be traced back to when he was student of Socrates . He also excelled in mathematics, logic, ethics, rhetoric, and religion. He founded the Academy in Athens . John Locke (1632-1704) Famous For: theory of mind & Father of Classical Liberalism The effect of English philosopher John Locke has on the world reverberates to this day. His part on the idea of the social contract theory was one he shared with Sir Francis Bacon. The likes of Rousseau, Voltaire, even American revolutionaries have been influenced by his writings. He also offered the theory of mind wherein he states that knowledge is something you are not born with, but learn and experience. Simone de Beauvoir (1908-1986) Famous For: existential feminism & ethics of ambiguity Simone de Beauvoir is viewed as a philosopher, but she saw herself more as a political activist, intellectual, and a writer. She authored numerous books which include The Second Sex, The Mandarins, and She Came to Stay. Jean-Jacques Rousseau (1712- 1778) Adam Smith (1723-1790) Famous For: father of modern economics Famous For: General Will and the moral simplicity  of humanity The political philosophy of Rousseau became the basis of the French Revolution. His ideas not only influenced nations, his work is reflected in the modern thinking in regards to education, political, and sociological matters. Two of his books, Discourse on the Origin of Inequality and On the Social Contract have had its effect on social and political thinking. Best remembered for his writing of An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations and The Theory of Moral Sentiments, Scottish philosopher Adam Smith was a pioneer in the field of political economy. His ideas in the areas of moral  philosophy and economics have been studied throughout the years, and still is. Aristotle (384–322 BC) Famous For: Aristotelian logic & theory of soul The third member who has greatly influenced western philosophy, Aristotle provided ideas in the areas of aesthetics, ethics, logic, metaphysics, politics, and science. He was a student of Plato and teacher to Alexander the great. Nicomachean Ethics is one of the treatises that Aristotle wrote. He believed that ethics should be applied practically, not merely theorizing it. Francis Bacon (1561-1626) Famous For: the â€Å"Baconian† method of scientific  investigation and creator of empiricism The English Renaissance and Scientific Revolution benefitted from the work and ideas of Sir Francis Bacon. In addition to being a philosopher, Bacon was likewise an author, jurist, statesman, orator, and scientist. He was instrumental in advocating the use of the â€Å"inductive† method when it came to scientific matters, this scientific method was also called â€Å"Baconian method†. Gottfried Leibniz (1646-1716) Famous For: Law of Continuity, Monads, and the Transcendental Law of Homogeneity Gottfried Wilhelm von Leibniz holds a special place in the annals of philosophy and mathematics. As a  mathematician, he refined the use of infinitesimal calculus. As a philosopher, he is best remembered for his â€Å"optimism† and as an advocate of rationalism along with Descartes and Spinoza. He also presented the Law of Continuity. Confucius (551-479 BC) Famous For: The Golden Rule and Confucianism Born during the Spring & Autumn era in Chinese history, Confucius and his ideas on social and personal relationships became a school of thought that many Chinese embraced. He was a voracious writer for which includes the Five Classics in Chinese literature. He believed that proper moral behavior is best practiced, than morality being made  a rule. Rene Descartes (1596-1650). Famous For: being the Father of Modern Philosophy, â€Å"Cartesian† coordinate system & â€Å"I think, therefore I am† Rene’ Descartes influence on the world of philosophy is evident at today’s universities. His book Meditations of First Philosophy is still being used. Perhaps this statement attributed to Descartes will ring a bell, â€Å"I think, therefore I am. † Immanuel Kant (1724-1804) Famous For: transcendental idealism & metaphysics This 18th century German philosopher, Immanuel Kant, contends that â€Å"reason is the source of morality. † His ideas continue to resonate in the halls of academic philosophy. The influence of these ideas is evident in present day thinking on the subject of ethics, epistemology, aesthetics, politics, and metaphysics. In his publication of Critique of Pure Reason, this was his attempt to combine reason with experience to prove failures of â€Å"traditional philosophy. † Friedrich Nietzsche (1844-1900) Famous For: life-affirmation & statement â€Å"God is dead† German philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche and his ideas covered a lot ground and as a result, people began to raise questions they normally would not. The main crux of Nietzsche’s work was the idea of life-affirmation, but he also presented ideas such as  Will to power, perspectivism, master-slave morality, and the Apollonian/Dionysian dichotomy. Albert Camus (1913-1960) Famous For: absurdism & 1957 Nobel Prize for literature Albert Camus received a Nobel Prize for literature in 1957. The award was given in recognition for his attempt to create awareness of the plight of â€Å"the human conscience†. Camus is associated with the tenet known as â€Å"absurdism. † This French-Algeria born philosopher was also an author and journalist. C. S. Lewis (1898-1963). Famous For: The Chronicles of Narnia, â€Å"Screwtape Letters† & â€Å"Mere Christianity† C. S. Lewis was an academic scholar and Christian  apologist. Some of his works are well known, these include,The Chronicles of Narnia, The Screwtape Hannah Arendt (1906-1975) Famous For: being a political theorist & concept of â€Å"Homo faber† Hannah Arendt refused to be labeled as a philosopher on the basis that her work revolved around â€Å"men, not man. † Philosophy deals with man in the singular, Letters and The Problem of Pain. He and J. R. R. Tolkien were friends and part of the English department at Oxford. solo, which is different to what she was, a political theorist, dealing with men and the world around them. Hanna’s passion involved work in the fields of  authority, democracy, the nature of power, politics, and totalitarianism. Thomas Hobbes (1588-1679) Famous For: absolutism for the soveriegn & political philosophy Thomas Hobbes is dubbed as the founder of the â€Å"social contract† tradition. This English philosopher wrote in the mid 17th century, Leviathan, which laid the groundwork for the introduction of the social contract theory. He also was an advocate of liberal thought and â€Å"absolutism for the sovereign. † Bertrand Russell (1872-1970) Famous For: being one of the founders of analytic philosophy Bertrand Arthur William Russell is remembered in  the field of philosophy as a proponent of analytic philosophy. One of his essays has been labeled as the ideal of philosophy, the essay is entitled On Denoting. The British wanted to go against idealism, Russell was their leader. Jean-Paul Sartre (1905-1980) Famous For: the philosophy of existentialism Jean Paul Sartre believed that â€Å"existence precedes essence. † Sartre did not shy from being linked to the ideal of existentialism. He applied his ideals on other areas of his life. Blaise Pascal (1623-1662) Famous For: Pascal’s law in mathematics & Pascal’s wager in philosophy The name of Blaise Pascal is frequently associated  with mathematics. As a philosopher, he proposed what we know as Pascal’s wager, in which people, in general, will bet their life on the existence or non existence of God. Michel Foucault (1926-1984) Famous For: Structuralism and Genealogy What does it take to make another man do your bidding? This was the goal of Michel Foucault. Most of his theories touched on the topic of the â€Å"nature of power† and its purpose. His writings revolved around the social institutions and â€Å"human science†. Albert Schweitzer (1875-1965) Famous For: the idea of the Reverence for Life Albert Schweitzer was a man with many facets. His  goal and philosophy of life was to have a â€Å"Reverence for Life†. He believed that civilization had cast aside its foundation in ethics. His published works, The Birth of the Clinic and The Order of Things helped highlight his views on â€Å"structuralism. † David Hume (1711-1776) Famous For: problem of causation & his book A Treatise of Human Nature One of the pillars of the Scottish Enlightenment, philosopher David Hume is credited with the â€Å"founding document of cognitive science† in his book A Treatise of Human Nature. Hume made every attempt to establish a naturalistic approach in understanding â€Å"man†. One of his arguments, â€Å"Reason is, and ought only to be slave of the passions,† is a longstanding idea that says, â€Å"allow desires to dictate reason. † Origen (c. 185-253) Famous For: one of the early Church Fathers and theologian Origen has been cited by scholars over the centuries, by academics, pastors, priests, and students. He wrote several treatises that covered philosophical theology, exegesis of the bible and textual criticism. He was influenced in his thinking by both Plato and Aristotle. In his discussions and writings, he always alluded to scripture, which he believed is divinely inspired by God. Thomas Paine (1737-1809). Famous For: writing Common Sense during the American Revolution As a political activist, Thomas Paine is regarded who helped two revolutionary wars. A pamphlet he wrote in 1776, entitled Common Sense was instrumental in igniting the fires of freedom and a reason to revolt during the American Revolution. Years later, he wrote Rights of Man that justified the French Revolution. Henry David Thoreau (1817- 1862) Famous For: his books Walden & Civil Disobedience The book Walden was Thoreau’s attempt to express a desire towards living a simple life in nature. Because of another book he wrote, Civil Disobedience, he had been viewed as an anarchist. Thoreau’s idea of giving up illusory ideals in exchange for the true needs of life was something he advocated throughout his life. John Dewey (1859-1952) Famous For: for his ideas on pragmatism & educational progressivism One of the first men to present the idea of John Stuart Mill (1806-1873) Famous For: being the â€Å"most influential English speaking philosopher of the 19th century† John Stuart is regarded as â€Å"the most influential pragmatism as a philosophical concept, Dewey also espoused Reflective Thinking. He believed in the philosophy of education, in which he views  education as a â€Å"social continuity of life. † This is why he championed Educational Progressivism. English speaking philosopher of the 19th century†. Mainly, he was a defender of political philosophy and he comes from the school of utilitarianism. As a member of the British parliament, he played a role highlighting â€Å"liberal political philosophy. † William James (1842-1910) Famous For: the philosophy of religion and theory of emotion William James was part of the philosophical school of pragmatism. More importantly was his application of that school of thought on the philosophy of religion. He also attempted to explain why, if we see a snake, we fear the snake and run. In his theory of emotion, James contends that we see a snake, we run; therefore, we fear the snake. Erich Fromm (1900-1980) Famous For: orientation of character As a humanistic philosopher, Erich Fromm has been linked to the school of critical theory. Some of his exemplary ideas include â€Å"being and having modes of existence. † Escape from Freedom is one of Fromm’s books which tries to explaing man’s changing view of freedom. Niccolo Machiavelli (1469-1527). Famous For: Machiavellianism & The Prince Italian Renaissance philosopher Niccolo Machiavelli  is considered the founder of political science and an expert in political ethics. His main cointributions include political philosophy and realism. His book, The Prince has been viewed as a masterpiece that deals with political philosophy. John Calvin (1509-1564) Famous For: Calvinism & Doctine of Predestination Calvin developed a point of reference in Christianity the has been known as Calvinism. His attempt to explain the â€Å"doctrine of predestination† as it pertains to God and salvation continues to be debated to this day. The Congregational, Presbyterian, and Reformed church base their tenets on the teaching of  John Calvin. Soren Kierkegaard (1813-1855) Famous For: father of existentialism The philosophy of religion and the idea of existentialism are two schools of thought that has Leo Tolstoy (1828-1910) Famous For: War and Peace and Anna Karenina As a social reformer and moral thinker, Leo Tolstoy is known for his novels, War and Peace and Anna been linked to Kierkegaard. Most of his ideas revolve on the issue on how a person lives as an individual. Karenina. He helped shape the idea of Christian anarchist thinking and even pushed the idea of anarcho pacifism. Parmenides (c. 515-450 BC) Famous For: Eleatic school of philosophy. Parmenides founded the Eleatic school of philosophy sometime in the 5th century BC. He presents us with two views of reality, â€Å"what is† and â€Å"the way of opinion. † A quote from him is telling on how he affected western philosophy, â€Å"Thought and being are the same. † Mozi (c. 470-391 BC) Famous For: Mohism Chinese philosopher Mozi was the moving force in the establishment of the school of Mohism. Mozi was a proponent of moral philosophy and ethics. His teaching encouraged self-reflection and being real, not just obedience and ceremony. Thomas Aquinas (1225-1274) Famous For: Thomism and Summa Theologica. Even though he was a priest, Thomas Aquinas and his philosophy have influenced modern philosophy. He was the father of Thomism, he believed that the truth is true regardless of the source. His work in Summa Theologica and Summa con Gentiles are important sources of discourse that continue to be used today. Mary Wollstonecraft (1759- 1797) Famous For: Feminist philosophy & A Vinidication of the Rights of Woman Mary Wollstonecraft believed that women should be treated equally the same way and that the social order should be based on reason. She is considered as the earliest of feminist philosophers. Her book A Vinidication of the Rights of Woman speaks of women not being inferior to men. Auguste Comte (1798-1857) Famous For: Altruism & positivism Comte was one of the founders of sociology and the principle of positivism, better known as the positive philosophy. Historians view him as the first of the scientific philosophers. He also conceived the word altruism, a doctrine that says people have an obligation to help or serve others. Avicenna (c. 980-1037) Famous For: The Book of Healing Persian philosopher Avicenna was a proponent of Islamic philosophy on which the Avicennian philosophy is based. The Book of Healing is his most famous work that has become an encyclopedia on philosophy and science. In that book he discusses the philosophy of science. Emma Goldman (1869-1940) Famous For: anarchist political philosophy Goldman comes from the philosophical school of of anarchism. She was a vocal supporter of womens rights and other social issues. The school of anarchism believes a state is harmful, unnecessary, and undesirable, making Goldman, anti-state. Epicurus (341-270 BC) Famous For: Epicurianism & Materialism Epicurus’s philosophy is centered on two things, â€Å"peace and freedom from fear† known as ataraxia  and â€Å"the absence of pain†, aponia. In his view, pain and pleasure are barometers of good and evil. This school of thought is known as Epicurianism. Saint Augustine of Hippo (354- 430) Famous For: Catholic Church & City of God The idea of the â€Å"Catholic Church† comes from the work of Saint Augustine. His writings, City of God and Confessions have influenced western philosophy and are still read today. He believed that man is the unity of soul and body, a perfect combination. Ludwig Wittgenstein (1889- 1951) Famous For: Philosophical Investigations & fideism Wittgenstein was a man who buried himself in the  roots meaning â€Å"the love of wisdom. † Philosophers are persons who have a compelling need to pursue wisdom. Since the beginning of time, wise man and women have dedicated themselves to asking â€Å"Big Questions†.

International political economy Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

International political economy - Assignment Example Sticking to diplomacy considering the permanency of Russia as a member of the UN might though appear tricky even if the General Assembly were to pass non-binding resolutions on Russia. Therefore, what options could the West have against Russia in regard to the invasion on Ukraine? Could fiscal policy restrictions be more feasible than corporate policy sanction? What else could be done, should Russia choose to ignore the sanctions leveled against it as has currently been seen? Through fiscal means, the West has managed to isolate Russia by freezing the assets of most of its prominent personalities including that of President Putin and his close allies. Consequently, travel bans have been issued against these people and still much is still needed. Before engaging into war, trade restrictions must seem like the most feasible sanction that the West has left against Russia. In instances that it has been able to, the Western countries are isolating Russia such the cancellation of the G8 meeting and suspending Russia membership in the same. However, the option of exploration of economic sanctions in themselves might turn to hurt the Western economy considering the numerous trade allies it has with Russian firms. This pegs the concept on whether the West should just watch and wait for Russia to fall back into

Parti5-comments1 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Parti5-comments1 - Essay Example This first part of this answer concentrates closely on the initial decisions in the development of a paper, in particular regarding the choices made concerning topic and viewpoint. While the subject and perspective used in a cause and effect paper are important, there is no mention of the logical organization of a cause and effect paper or the need to provide supporting arguments/evidence to prove or explain the relationship being considered. After a simplified explanation of the nature of cause and effect relationships, this paragraph mentions a generalized purpose in examining causes and their effects as a means of understanding the world around us which is most probably meant to extend to written forms. However, the writer does not specifically make mention of written cause and effect papers or any additional purpose for doing so beyond informing, such as to persuade. Though this answer does highlight certain important parts of the process and purpose of cause and effect writing, it is limited and could be developed more

Internet makes ratio analysis for two Qatari Companies (Dlala and Research Paper

Internet makes ratio analysis for two Qatari Companies (Dlala and Qatar Telecom) - Research Paper Example The most commonly used ratios are the liquidity, profitability, efficiency and financial stability ratios. . These ratios are critical to the success of the bank in terms of profitability. The main source of information will be the Annual reports for the respective companies which are available from the internet. Internet is highly reliable and reduces time and costs that could have been used in accessing libraries or buying books for reference purposes. It can be accessed at anytime and anywhere so long as there is a computer and internet connectivity. In addition, internet has highly contributed to e-learning a mode that is common today. This is a finding given by different companies, trying to analyze the business transaction prior to profit posted for a given annual report. This helps the investors within these companies to lay down proper strategies in regards to the company’s growth. However, an analysis help various companies in line to business to provide enough money for its bills, to establish if whether the wages paid to employees are high or low, whether the company is paying its tax to revenue authority, whether the company assets are being used efficiently and finally whether the prevailing problem issues are geared by the stake holders (Carr, 2011). From the above observation we found that the performance trend of the Qatar telecom has been growing tremendously. Considering the minority interests of the company, profit and losses have been diminishing ever within the year 2008 as compared to the financial year 2007. The number of property, plant and equipment has increased with a margin of 144, 692, 278, for the financial years of 2007 and 2008. Meanwhile, the intangible assets, and the differed tax asset have increased from the one in the year 2007 to the one in the year 2008. This is however, showing that the financial analysis of the Qatar Company has been increasing due to the

COMPUTER PHYSICIAN ORDER ENTRY Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

COMPUTER PHYSICIAN ORDER ENTRY - Research Paper Example The CPOE system has been identified as significant model of attaining improvement, especially with regard to medication error minimization. Wrong medication administration has often resulted from errors in transcription of handwritten orders as well as confusion of drugs with similar sounding labels or names. However, with computerized ordering and bar code reading of orders and patient records, nurses are least likely to make errors. The capability of CPOE to significantly change the ordering procedures could substantially reduce misuse, underuse and overuse of the health services. The application of CPOE can bring significant improvement in various areas by enhancing compliance, shortening length of hospitalization, reducing medication errors, reducing healthcare costs, reducing legal suits and improve care outcomes (Committee on Quality of Health Care in America, Institute of Medicine, 2000). Introduction of CPOE within health facilities requires structural changes in staffing coupled by appropriate IT training to support staff use. Therefore, there is a need for systematic and extensive review of the ordering system and subsequent restructuring and redesign of the process. All these process should involve all stakeholders interacting with such a system so that they can learn how to apply it in care delivery (Kuperman & Richard, 2003). The CPOE system basically works by guiding the ordering system, and orders are first made by the medical practitioner based on the patient conditions and care requirements. In addition to order details other pertinent issues such as polypharmacy and patients allergies as well as conditions are included alongside the order. The complete order is the transmitted simultaneously to the pharmacy department as well as the patient care unit (AHRQ, 2012). The pharmacy uses the order dispense medicine and check any possible complications and proble ms that may arise

8 Week Forum Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

8 Week Forum - Assignment Example In many societies, teenage pregnancy is a social problem. Most girls drop out of school due to pregnancies. Research shows that over 45% of teenagers in grade 9 to 12 engage in sex. Teen pregnancies are associated with low birth weight, premature labour and anaemia among other complications. In some societies, teenage pregnancy results to social stigma. Teenage girls get pregnant due to lack of knowledge about contraceptives and other safety measures. Sex education turns young people into sexually knowledgeable and responsible individuals (Stevens). STDs are illnesses, which are contracted through sexual activities. They can be contracted through oral sex, anal sex, and vaginal intercourse. In the USA, over 15 million cases are reported annually. Most teenagers are vulnerable to STDs due to lack of information. Some of the common STDs include herpes, syphilis, scabies, gonorrhoea, hepatitis B, HIV, and Chlamydia among others. These diseases can lead to an ectopic pregnancy and death if left untreated. Sex education is more likely to reduce the cases of STDs among young adults and teenagers. Research shows that societies with extensive sex education tend to record low cases of STDs among the young people. In sex education, teenagers are taught about dangerous of engaging in unprotected sex and other unsafe sexual practices. Teenagers need to access sex education in order to make healthy, loving, and intelligent decisions in their lives (Cotney).† The excerpt above is one of my greatest accomplishments in class. This is because I managed to incorporate all the skills I have learnt in class in writing an essay. First, in the first paragraph, I managed to focus on introducing my topics. This played a significant role in capturing the attention of the reader as well as stating the issue to be addressed in the body of the essay. Moreover, I managed to highlight the issues raised by dissenting voices on the topic. On

Plato, three Socratic Dialogues Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Plato, three Socratic Dialogues - Essay Example Euthyphro is aghast that a wise man like Socrates is being tried for corrupting the young ones and tells him that people do not like others to spread wisdom and are jealous of people who are wise. The two start talking and in the ensuing dialogues Socrates asks Euthyphro to explain the concept of piety. Euthyphro replies that piety is fighting for justice as he is doing by prosecuting his father for a murder. He laments the fact that he is hated for his action by the people although those very people have high regards for Zeus, the king of Gods, even though Zeus had punished his father (Kronos) for devouring his sons! When further pressed for the definition of piety, Euthyphro tells Socrates that whatever is held dear to God is pious and what is not dear to God is impious. He further said that even Gods have enmities and differences. Socrates counters that argument by telling that what may be liked by one God may not necessarily true for another God. Hence difference of opinion may account for the enmities and hatred between Gods and people. He asserts that everyone likes just and honourable things or persons and dislike the opposite. But it is the difference of opinions that brings about enmities and hatred. When Socrates is still not satisfied with the definition of piety, Euthyphro finally says that everything that Gods love is pious and holy and the things or persons they hate is impious and unholy. Socrates confused Euthyphro by questioning whether Gods loved things because they were pious or things were pious because Gods loved them? The dialogues, in the form of questions and answers, between the two are especially relevant even today because they establish the credibility of questions as an important means to reach towards a correct and justified answer. In simple words, the questions make us thinks about the different aspects of the problems and help us to come to a right conclusion. Socrates was a great philosopher who

The United States 5th Marine Regiment Korea to Afghanistan Research Paper

The United States 5th Marine Regiment Korea to Afghanistan - Research Paper Example On October 29, the 1st Battalion was moved down the Hai River to Taku-Tangu Area to protect the railhead, the Taku Port and supply lines. (Simmons, 185; Yingling, 39-40). Under increased American influence, the improving situation between the Chinese Nationalist and Communist forces led to a cease-fire in January 1946. On April 08, the Regimental Headquarters were moved to Tangshan for security of the rail lines. As the Nationalist Army began to take over the responsibilities, the Marine units were being relieved in various sectors gradually. Taking advantage of the reduction in Marine numbers, the Communist forces violated the agreement by occupying a vast area in Manchuria left after the departure of Soviet occupation troops. The 3rd Battalion, 5th Marines, was deactivated on April 15. With only a few veterans left, the Regiment (less 1st Battalion) started intensive schooling program until September, when it returned to Peiping for the security of American personnel and property. (Yingling, 40-41). On the night of October 03, the 1st Battalion helped to repulse a company size attack by communists on the Hsin-Ho ammunition dump. The Battalion succeeded in recovering most of the stolen ammunition. On April 05, 1947, over 300 communists attacked two other ammunition dumps. Expecting a quick reaction from the 1st Battalion, the enemy had planned an ambush and mined the road leading to the area. As the lead vehicle of the C Company hit the mine, the attackers opened fire. The Marine counter-fire repelled the attack soon. However, despite diligent pursuit, the raiders succeeded in escaping the area along with the loaded ammunition. The Marine casualties included 16 wounded and 05 killed. (Yingling, 41). The 5th Marines were entitled to China Service streamer. By mid-May, the remaining units of the 1st Division had been withdrawn from China. Most of them were sent back to the United States. However, along with some other supporting units, the 5th Marines was moved to Guam, where it filled in the organization of 1st Provisional Marine Brigade on June 01, under the command of Brig. Gen. Edward A. Craig. The 2nd Battalion was also removed in October to form the 9th Marines. For the rest of the period at Guam, The one-battalion regiment was engaged in training exercises to increase proficiency of its personnel. The three-battalion 5th Marines, under the command of Col. Victor H. Krulak, was reactivated at Camp Pendleton on October 01, 1949. Elements of the 1st, 6th and 7th Marines formed the 1st and 2nd Battalions, while the 3rd Battalion (at Guam) joined the Regiment in February 1950. (Yingling, 41; Rottman, 170). The Korean War On June 25, 1950, the North Korean People’s Army (NKPA) had invaded South Korea without any warning. Only four days later, in response to the United Nations’ call for rendering aid to South Korea, American Commander in the Far East, Gen. Douglas Macarthur, USA, was authorized to employ U.S. forces for repel ling the attack. Commandant of the Marine Corps, Gen. Clifton B. Cates, offered a Marine air-ground brigade immediately. However, as he was not included in the Joint Chiefs of Staff meetings, he had to pursue a different channel. In response to Gen. Macarthur’s request for Marine units, Cates’ recommendation was finally approved on July 03. The 1st Provisional M

The importance of structure in The Agamemnon Essay Example for Free

The importance of structure in The Agamemnon Essay The Agamemnon is a classic Greek tragedy written by Aeschylus in which he entails the continuation of the curse on the house of Atreus in the time period following the end of the Trojan War and the return of King Agamemnon. This play tells of the murders of Cassandra and Agamemnon-by-Agamemnons wife Clytemestra. Throughout the play many aspects have a profound effect on the structure. Things such as the chorus, audience, the use of common literary devices such as buts and ellipses as well as foreshadowing and flashback had an immense effect on the overall structure of the play The Agamemnon. In The Agamemnon the structure had a huge effect on the overall outcome and appearance of the play. To begin, the chorus had a very large effect on the structure of The Agamemnon. In a small way it lets the reader/audience know about things taking place outside the realm of the plays setting. This was not as important at the time this play would have been performed, but in this modern era it is very important that the chorus inform the audience with past events like the outcome of the Trojan War and the death of Iphagania. Such as in this case Then the elder king found voice and said: This fate is hard to disobey, and hard I obey. Sever my child-my palace pearl? Bloody my hands in that virgin flood? A fathers hands at the alter side? Oh which is worse? But how can I betray my fleet and fail my allies? They are right in their fury-bound frenzy to imprecate the winds to calm by the blood of a virgin sacrificedI hope it my be well! If not for excerpts such as that one modern readers as well as some audience members in the past would not know the story of Iphagania and how it made Aga memnon make a choice no one would want to face and one in which the decision led to his death. The chorus informing the audience/reader things they might not know provides a colossal influence on the structure of the play, without them the reader might become confused or lost in some of the occurrences that take place throughout the story. Yet the chorus makes the structure flow better for the reader to become more involved in the situation of the play. That is not the only way, in which the chorus affects the structure of The Agamemnon, there is another vital way in which the chorus affects the structure. The other very important way is in which the chorus affects the structure is the way that the chorus represents the idea of the average people of the time  period; the people the audience/reader can relate to the best and understand the situations that take place throughout this Greek classic. This aspect of the play affects the structure in a very large way. It gives the reader/audience a viewpoint that is easily understandable, a message that is meant for them and not the upper class that would not be provided without Aeschylus use of the chorus. That use makes the structure more broad, showing different viewpoints, which is always important when writing. Also it builds up the drama of the climax by having the chorus use time and show their own ideas. The chorus makes structure of The Agamemnon flow much more fluidly, and provides a way for Aeschylus to draw out the play and make the reader wait and wonder what will happen, both of which affected the structure of The Agamemnon in a very immense way, which makes the play much better. Secondly, the audience plays an important role in the overall structure of the play. Due to the particular audience that would have seen that play during its time of origin the structure is set up in a way that was contemporary in that time period. In other words, the expectations of the audience were in tune with the life style of that era and the authors diction chose reflected those expectations. Therefore the audience during the time the play was written in has a great importance on the structure of common literary devices such as the use of buts and ellipses as well as foreshadowing and flashback. For that reason the style Aeschylus wrote this play was one in which the audience would receive it. Yet although the audience was important to the structure then, it is inadvertently still very important now. Aeschylus explains things happening around these people, whether for drama or some other reason to keep the anticipation of the audience at hand-it is still there and this structural point by Aeschylus tells people who would be the audience today of very important aspects of the Trojan War and other past events that they would not know of. Yet all of these structural things tie together and are intertwined to make their impact on the play and thus show why they all, including the audience, have a vast bearing on the structure of the play and therefore have an impact on the outcome and appearance of The Agamemnon for the better. Thirdly, the use of buts and ellipses also play an important role on why the structure has an impact on the overall outcome of The Agamemnon. Buts mean that an argument has been provided, or there are two sides to the story. Showing both sides of something is extremely important both in life and literature and can be seen many times throughout The Agamemnon. Clytemnestra says But even losing suits a mighty man. this means that a mighty man wining would be the usual thing, but losing would still suit him and therefore two sides of something are presented which is huge in structure. Ellipses are also very important to the structure. They cause a very necessary an important break which is common in Greek literature and therefore in The Agamemnon. How I hold him in my heartSuch shyness wears away in time. The pause created by the ellipse exaggerates the point created that Clytemnestra missed Agamemnon in his long absence (which she didnt). The buts and ellipses provide an enormous role in the structure of the play; Aeschylus used them impeccably to enhance the structure and therefore improve the total play due to the use of the structure. Finally, the use of foreshadowing and flashbacks has an enormous effect on the structure in The Agamemnon. Aeschylus as well as many other ancient Greek writers used these literary tools to their perfection. Aeschylus uses flashbacks through many people throughout the play by describing past events, events that were flashbacked to give background information which is vital to a complete understanding of the play. The flashbacks are important to the structure of The Agamemnon because they relate to so many other aspects of why the structure is so important to the play. The chorus, which is very important to the play, uses flashbacks all the time and without them the structure of the play would seem very strange and extremely different from the way in which it reads now. Some of the ways in which Aeschylus incorporates flashbacks and foreshadowing into The Agamemnon is both interesting and important to the structure of the play. One of the ways in which this is very clear is how both flashbacks and foreshadowing are used through the character Cassandra. Cassandra is Agamemnons spoil of war, he took her as a victory prize after the Trojan War and she is gift with the power of insight and she can therefore see into the future and she is also aware of the history of the house of Atreus. Therefore this gift of insight  will clearly have an obvious affect on the foreshadowing in the play as it can be seen here, So, then I go To sing the dirge of my own demise And Agamemnon too within the palace. Enough of life! O unknown men, good-bye! I am no little bird that quivers at a bushs stir. But when I am dead and when you see A women for a women die, A man for a man ill-mated lie, Then remember what I said: My dying wishremember itmy prophecy. as said by Cassandra just prior to her death. This is an amazing aspect to the structure of the play, it is a way to foreshadow and keep the reader/audience interested in the outcome and to keep reading to find out if what Cassandra says will come true. Cassandra is truly a dynamic character who is very important to the structure because within the play she also uses the literary tool of flashbacks, this character makes the structure of The Agamemnon much more vibrant than it would have been. Flashbacks and foreshadowing are important to the structure of any work, yet in Aeschylus they are used so perfectly and eloquently that they in-turn have a big impact on the structure, which consequently has a gigantic outcome on the play itself. In conclusion, the structure of The Agamemnon had a huge effect on the overall outcome and appearance of the play. Aeschylus used many different things to enhance the structure of his play, all of these things intertwined into similar aspects of looking into the past or future, the chorus, audience, buts and ellipses, and flashbacks/foreshadowing all used some to improve the structure of the play in their own unique way. Many of Aeschyluss ideas on the structure connect and have a huge effects on The Agamemnon.

Economy on Food Essay Example for Free

Economy on Food Essay Many Americans consume food at an alarming rate without even stopping to think of what they really might be eating or how it ended up on their plate. If we just took the time to see how our food systems worked, we would notice the domino affect trickling down from government to average day Americans. In order for us to be able to grow and produce food, farmers are paid by our government in the form of subsidies. These crops often times do not grow naturally from the ground. Chemicals are pumped into the Earth causing problems for our environment. That food is than sent on journeys all over the world, including stops at feed lots. Animals are fed the crop which has more cons than pros to their digestive system and their bodies causing meat to have a higher concentration of fat. Of course these products are then distributed to our grocery stores and we buy them without the slightest bit of hesitation. Each one of these steps has an affect on the other and it might all be controlled by one problem government subsidies. Without this control farmers might have the initiative to grow with their minds set on quality over quantity which in turn will have healthier affects on each level of our food economy. Farmers are large contributors toward the food for our society. The government pays farmers by controlling the supply and demand through subsidies keeping the farmers their jobs. However, the subsidies are based on how many bushels a farmer can grow, which leads to an overproduction. An example of a highly subsidized crop is corn. Alone, this crop causes environmental, animal farming, and society health issues. According to Michael Pollan, an author, activist, and Professor of journalism at the University of California, Berkeley, for farmers to grow an abundant amount of corn it requires more chemicals and pesticides to maintain growing conditions. These chemicals eventually find its way into the Mississippi River to the Gulf of Mexico, killing marine life (45). When this crop is sold, farmers with livestock buy it as animal feed, for it is cheap. Most of the animals we eat (chickens, pigs, and cows) today subsist on a diet of corn, reguardless regardless of whether it is good for them (Pollan, 44). Cattle are not use to an all corn diet which causes farmers to feed them antibiotics to fight off any illness and or infections. Once these animals pass inspections they are sent off to a slaughter house to become the meat we eat, which is filled with antibiotics and corn. Corn comes in a sugar additive form be more accurate -Meline Akashian 11/27/10 3:25 PM called high fructose corn syrup. It is commonly found in soft drinks because it is so sweet and cheap. Due to the subsidy, it took the place of sugar. There is no coincidence that the wholesale switch to corn sweeteners in 1980s marks the beginning of the epidemic of obesity and Type 2 Diabetes in this country (Pollan, 44). Since the subsidy caused overproduction and extremely low prices, America has let itself go in becoming one of the fattest and laziest nations by turning to fast food restaurants instead of home cooked meals. The government pays farmers to grow these commodities (i. e. corn, soy, wheat, rice, and cotton) for their overproduction and the farm bill what farm bill? offer context for quote -Meline Akashian 11/27/10 3:26 PM does almost nothing to support farmers growing fresh produce The reason the least healthful calories in the supermarket are the cheapest is that those are the ones the farm bill encourages farmers to grow (Pollan, You Are What You Grow). While fruit and vegetable prices increased 40 percent from 1985-2000, the price of soft drinks, containing corn, declined 23 percent (Pollan, You Are What You Grow). Through government subsidies and the farm bill, it has caused several problems concerning the environment, and animal and society health. Government subsidies need to be looked at and changed considerably. Farmers need to stop overproduction and instead of being paid by bushels, be paid to limit production and support prices (Pollan, You Are What You Grow). By supporting prices and limiting production, crops may not be so high in demand, further resulting in animals eating what they are accustomed to and Americans eating healthier with fewer unknown additives put into their food. Here you have moved to possible solutions save it for that section. -Meline Akashian 11/27/10 3:28 PM The overproduction of corn in America has raised many questions regarding the process and production of corn and how it is affecting us Americans today. Need a different transition here, one that spins off from last paragraph -Meline Akashian 11/27/10 3:29 PM Many documentaries about corn, the production, process, and distribution have been experimented with and caught on tape, while more problems have risen about conditions of corn and farming. Such Aforementioned problems have revealed that though corn is cheap and easy, it increases health risks for our bodies and to animals as well. Michael Pollan author of When A Crop Becomes King, writer for the New York Times states that â€Å"nowhere have humans done quite as much to advance the interests of this plant as in North America , where zea mays has insinuated itself into our landscape, our food system-and our federal budget. † Pollan is revealing that people may question the food production and if producers are looking out for our best interest or not. We still buy the same products and dont ask the important questions, though, we just accept that it is a way of life. We complain that food is unhealthy and there are rarely any alternatives that are just as quick and tasty as fast food, instead, we need to choose our own alternatives rather then blame the fast food industry. Corn has been processed and has become an American product for the past few decades, were sacrificing the health of both our bodies and the environment by growing and eating so much of it[ ]thats cause for our concern states Polan in another quote from The New York Times. Though we have the production of corn processed in foods and fed to animals to make there meat more fatty, the best strategy that has kept the zea mays in business is the development of high fructose corn syrup. Look on the backs of soda cans, candy bars, even apples and you will notice that there is high fructose corn syrup in our americanized products. Corns being processed into all of our foods, drinks, and animals is only part of the problem, Polan states that Modern corn hybrids are the greediest of plants, demanding more nitrogen fertilizer than any other crop also requiring more pesticide then any other crop. Corn isnt as cheap as we suspect it to be, the diet for corn consists of a plethera of water and is sprayed with chemicals each time its grown. Due to the chemicals that are sprayed, these chemicals find its way to the Mississippi River which carries it to the Gulf of Mexico, which has already killed marine life in a 12,000 square mile area. Polan again reveals that if we take a step back, we will realize that our environment is suffering just as much as we are, we are temporary on this earth we need to remember that the environment is not to be tempered with, but natural. The process of cornification and new developments if cheap and easy products, has cause a domino affect in our health system. Although our environment is suffering due to over use of chemicals, we do not end there. nice T -Meline Akashian 11/27/10 3:33 PM According to the U. S Department of Agricultures National Agricultural Statistics Service, each year in the United States, 10 billion land animals are raised and killed for meat, eggs, and milk. To an average American with no prior knowledge of our food economy this might seem like a minuscule fact, however; it is the way in which these animals are farmed which has dire consequences on our societies health. Farm animal welfare expert Dr. Donald Broom states; Efforts to achieve earlier and faster growth, greater production per individual, and efficient feed conversions and partitioning are the causes of some of the worst animal welfare problems. The farming of livestock has changed dramatically over the past centuries. Many still think of farming as the rural collections of barns and field where animals are free to graze and move about until they are executed effectively, in reality, some farms are massive industrial-type facilities owned and operated by large corporations [and] although they make up a small percentage of American farms, they handle a large percentage of the animals killed for food in the United States (Breakdown of Livestock Farms, North American Industry Classification System in Census of Agriculture). These factory farms are also known as CAFOs or Concentrated Animal Feeding Operations. Because of the over production of corn, these animals diets consist of nothing but it. Since corn is a high-starch, high-energy food, it decreases the time it takes to fatten the cattle and increases the yield from these farms. According to the documentary, King Corn, cattle are fed for anywhere between 140-160 days and than slaughtered, however; corn is not the natural diet of cattle and since it is not, many problems have stemmed from this abnormal diet. They are becoming fatter at an alarming rate which is good for the companys wallets but not for our waist lines considering 65% of calories from burgers are energy calories from fat causing a direct line between obese cows, and obese Americans (King Corn). The problem lies within the cattles digestive system. The heavy corn diet acidifies the cows digestive tract and causes bacteria to form. Under normal circumstances a bacteria known as E. coli 0157: H7 would be killed by stomach acids but the increased amounts of acid allows for the more acid resistant bacteria to thrive and reproduce (Richard J.Arsenault, Corn Fed Cattle: Bigger Cows, Bigger E. coli Threat. )nice addition of detail, but paraphrase wording not worthy of quote status 🙂 -Meline Akashian 11/27/10 3:37 PM Cattle are being forced to consume products which end up killing them slowly, and if it were not for the time of slaughter they would eventually die. Either way in which they die is not usually pleasant. awk -Meline Akashian 11/27/10 3:38 PM Cows may be raised in one state, fattened in another, and then slaughtered in yet another. During the transportation of these animals they are packed into trucks where they suffer from trampling, temperature extremes, and lack of food, water or veterinary care. When they reach the slaughterhouse, cattle may be hoisted upside-down by their hind legs and dismembered all while being conscious since the techniques for slaughter are surrounded around yield and not efficiency. The kill rate in a typical slaughterhouse is 400 animals per hour, and the line is never stopped simply because an animal is alive, according to a former slaughterhouse worker and author of They Die Piece by Piece, Joby Warrick. Are you drifitng away from topic? -Meline Akashian 11/27/10 3:39 PM There are no animal welfare laws regulating the treatment of billions of animals raised for their mean meat, eggs, and milk while they are on the farm. While all of the 50 states have cruelty laws, many exempt common farming practices. As a result of this, farm animals suffer immensely due to the fact that animal welfare is overlooked since the economic interests of the producer often conflict with the animals well-being. But the animals well-being is not the only consequence; factory farming effect the environment as well as society itself. The effects fast food has on Americans is a wide variety of different things, and society is one of them. Wendell Berry from The Pleasures of Eating says people buy what they wantor what they have been persuaded to wantwithin the limits of what they can get. (Berry 1) Berry feels that the advertisers of fast food companies make people feel that they need things that are not necessarily good for them because it is provided to them cheaply and with easy access. Society has been blind sided when it comes to where there food is from, the most an average urban shopper could tell you is that their food came from a farm. They are unaware of any further information such as; what farm it came from, where the farm is located, and how far the food had to travel to get to them. (Berry 1) Most Americans view food as something that does not concern them until it is put in front of them. They dont spend any extra time thinking about the health aspects of their food until it comes time to purchase it or make it. Even then, Americans lives are so fast paced they dont have tome time to worry about what is in their food. It is very obvious through commercials and other forms of advertisement that the industry does not care about the health of society. They advertise to young children and teens who do not know any better, this section seems to be about causes rather than effects -Meline Akashian 11/27/10 4:01 PM as well as hire immigrants that will work for low pay. It is very clear they are not aware of what they are providing their customers with. The industry has been able to create a vicious circle by advertising to children. These children grow up and feed it to their children, thus continuing the never ending cycle. As long as fast food restaurants are able to provide food at a cheap price, quickly the health of society will be a problem. There is no way we could possibly shut down all of the fast food restaurants but there are different things we could do just to make people more aware of what they are eating. When dining at a fast food restaurant it is hard to come across health information on the food they are providing you with, pamphlets providing this information should be offered to every customer much like how they offer you to super size your meal. Another idea would be to provide the dietary facts on the outside packaging of the product how they do at grocery stores on every item sold. And this section seems to be about solutions -Meline Akashian 11/27/10 4:02 PM Societies health problems may be growing but our knowledge is also growing and we should get smart and look further into what we put into our bodies. What we put into our bodies has a lot to do with the increased health problems in society today, in years prior to 1994 diabetes in children was typically a genetic disorder that they had inherited and Type 2 diabetes only accounted for 5% of childhood cases now it accounts for at least 30%. (David Zinczenko Pg 1). This is actually on topic the negative effects on health -Meline Akashian 11/27/10 4:03 PM So who do we blame for the fact that our health is going downhill? People should know how to eat properly and know better than to eat several meals a week from a fast food restaurants, I dont think its the fact that people dont understand what it could do to there body, its the lack of alternatives and the FDA does not require prepared foods to be labeled with health information. We have covered every street in America with fast food restaurants and made it almost impossible to come by a health food store. Why would Americans spend time looking for healthier alternatives when we have strategically placed several other unhealthy alternatives right in front of them. Fast food is not just affecting the health of people but also of our environment packaging from fast food restaurants can take up anywhere from 20-30% of our landfill space belongs in a different section -Meline Akashian 11/27/10 4:05 PM and add pollutants to our air. Fast food has a huge affect on society that witha few east steps in the right direction we could create a healthier America. A major downfall for the US is how we are able to provide food at such a cheap cost. It is awesome for the customers but for the people providing it (farmers) it is more of a cost to them. Michael Pollan, author of When a Crop Becomes King from the New York Times explains exactly how farmers are paying more money for corn in the long run, because the average bushel of corn (56 pounds) sells for about $2 today; it costs farmers more than $3 to grow it. (Pollan 1). If farmers are spending more money on corn than customers are paying for it how are they making any money themselves? Congress has decided to subsidize corn by the bushel, America is covered in 125,000- square miles of corn fields. Subsidies are grants given to an enterprise provided by the government that benefit the public. Does cheap food ever mean healthy food? Typically no. Advertisers will promote anything to get you to eat it! They target young children with anything from commercials to action figures. New York Times David Barboza author of the article If You Pitch it, They Will Eat says, Big food makers like McDonalds and Kraft Foods Inc. are finding every imaginable way to put their names in front of your children. (Barboza 1) Companies view their sale pitches as harmless but they are a huge reason of Americas rise in obesity. Cheap food from fast food restaurants like Pizza Hut, McDonalds, Taco Bell and KFC are targeting teenagers and cheap is all that the average teenager can afford. Thats what they eat, cheap food that will clog their arteries and if it is eaten constantly could lead to some major health problems. If fast food was pricier maybe it would encourage teenagers to make there way to the grocery store and spend their money on foods that are better and more nutritious for them. The problems that have arosearisen -Meline Akashian 11/27/10 3:56 PM due to the new developments with corn and subsidies have drawn Americans and health developers to question the health risks. Corn has been a new popular development for the past few decades with the booming fast food industry and even to grocery stores across America. Cheap food and cheap prices not only make it easy for parents, but are quite a tasty treat to people anywhere. The solution to end the change and chemicalization of our environment will be too change the agricultural act as Wendall Berry, author of The Pleasures of Eating stated. The video, King Corn, has shown that corn has been genetically changed and is grown closer together which not only makes the food unhealthy, but it is unhealthy for the soil as well. Corn is distributed into many different products, sprayed with chemicals, and genetically altered so that it flatters the human eye. Corn also feeds the animals, in which farms put them in a box to feed instead of grazing along pastures, healthily. Berry states that animals are fed with antibiotics so they wont die from the change in diet, and so they can fight off bacteria in their bodies. Our environment is where the earth began, slowly but surely we are killing off plants and animals for our benefits as heavy consumers. We want to make a solution to stunting environmental growth because it is all a domino affect. One part affects the whole puzzle, take away corn, and we are forced to find alternative sweeteners for soda, candy, fruit, and other products. An alternative to corn syrup is sugar, though more expensive, it is worth it if it benefits our bodies and environment. In King Corn, the college students say that there is 30% more sugar used in corn form than before. This suggests that high fructose corn syrup is more unhealthy than sugar itself. Researchers at University of Minnesota also made the point that high fructose corn syrup causes trygliceride levels in men to increase shortly after eating, which links to an increased risk of obesity and heart disease. Our problem is corn and the production, we find alternatives such as going back to sugar, and letting the animals, plants, soil, grow healthier so that humans will be healthier. Lets face it, we dont know what we are eating, but do we care to ask questions? Rather, we complain about how there are no alternatives to the fast and easy drive-thru. Our change in society with our environment will be slow, one less person going to McDonalds, is one less employee making a hamurger, which is one less manufacturer making money on his or her product. Lets come together and find our own alternatives, rather than having society determine for us. It is easy to say that Americans are victims when it comes to eating unhealthy. We are heavily influenced by fast food and marketing industries. Together, they promote and reel consumers in by making their products cheap and convenient. So, how do we fight back? According to Wendell Berry, an author and farmer, we need to start by eating responsibly. This includes preparing your own food, knowing where your food is grown (preferably closer to home), dealing directly with the farmer or gardener, and learning, about the economy, farming, and through observations (40). Eating responsibly is a life style one chooses, it definitely wont happen over night. Blaming fast food companies for making America fat may be the easy way out of personal responsibility but America is to blame. Daniel Weintraubs article states that Statewide, the Center said 26 percent of schoolchildren are overweight (42). 5 tips prob -Meline Akashian 11/27/10 4:14 PM The lack of exercise has caused childhood obesity to rise in consideration with the intake of fast food. Since fast food companies clearly play a role in the obesity problem America has, the change should start with them by offering healthier alternatives, smaller portion sizes, and nutritional facts on the food and beverages being consumed. But the bigger pictures focuses on the farm bill. The reason fast food companies can sell their food cheap is because of the subsidy system. Pollan states that eaters want a bill that makes the most healthful calories in the supermarket competitive with the least healthful ones. Eaters want a bill that feeds schoolchildren fresh food from local farms rather than processed surplus commodities from far away. Enlightened eaters also recognized their dependence on farmers which is why they would support a bill that guarantees the people who raise our food not subsidies but fair prices (You Are What You Grow). The only way that our nation can change the health problem its suffering from now is by taking the time to understand and know what they are really eating, along with what was done to it to make it taste the way it does. Originally, Government subsidies were intended to ensure that American people had enough food. Our Government wanted to make sure that our country would never have a problem regarding the amount of food we produce. Though the intentions of our nation were only to make sure that every person can have food in their belly, the result of starting the subsidy system, in fact, made things worse. Without subsidy, corn costs much more than it does with a subsidy. Since the Government decided that subsidies would be a good idea, farmers have taken advantage of the opportunity to increase their income. Over the years, chemicals have been put into corn to change its color, its ability to grow closer together, and how fast it grows. Not only that, but chemicals must be put into the soil to make it grow in general, because farmers have abandoned their old method of rotating crops and leaving the land fallow. Making these modifications to the corn crop has done what they wanted: increased the amount of corn produced, therefore increasing the amount of money farmers recieve. Unfortunately, it has also caused major problems in the health of the food. As mentioned previously, corn is fed to livestock. Since corn has such chemicals put into it, thats exactly what the animals consume, and it makes the meat have nine times as much saturated fats as grass fed animals(King Corn). This means that the meat that humans consume, in addition to the corn itself, and corn syrup that humans consume, are much less healthy than we think. Paragraph should start here. Most of above is repeating what should have come before -Meline Akashian 11/27/10 4:17 PM The Subsidy system is flawed in that its intentions were for the health of the country, but its results are that all food is less healthy than it once was. Eliminating subsidies on corn will raise the price on corn, which in turn will raise price on meat, change the diet for livestock, and force companies to use natural sugar rather than corn syrup. These changes will result in less health issues, considering that corn syrup [alone] has a higher risk of type 2 diabetes(King Corn). If the government really was concerned with the health of our country, officials would have considered the health of not only the people, but the land, plants, and animals we depend on for survival. Getting rid of subsidies will only help the country toward its dream of better health.

Social Classes Elizabethan Era

Social Classes Elizabethan Era Abeni Figueroa When first this order was ordaind, my lords, Knights of the garter were of noble birth, Valiant and virtuous, full of haughty courage, Such as were grown to credit by the wars; Not fearing death, nor shrinking for distress, But always resolute in most extremes. He then that is not furnishd in this sort Doth but usurp the sacred name of knight, Profaning this most honourable order, And should, if I were worthy to be judge, Be quite degraded, like a hedge-born swain That doth presume to boast of gentle blood. (Henry VI, Pt.I, 4.1). The Elizabethan Era occurred (1588-1603) marked by reign of queen Elizabeth. Some people call it the golden age of English history. It was the start of poetry, music, and literature. This era was also known for theatre including William Shakespeares plays and poems that are still read and shown today. It also was the beginning of exploration and setting up colonies under english rule to further Englands empire. The social classes were monarch, nobility, gentry, merchant, yeomanry, and laborers. The monarch was the ruler of England, during that time the ruler was queen Elizabeth 1, the sixth and last ruler of Tudor. The nobility was at the top of the social ladder and very rich and powerful. Gentry were knights, squires, gentlemen and gentlewomen. They became the most important social class in England. Merchants emerged from the ashes of the War of Roses. Yeomanry was named the middle class and were not very wealthy and only saved enough money to live comfortably. The laborers, the bo ttom of the social class in the Elizabethan Era, were very poor and only made enough to live comfortably. Social classes were very important and very strict. It was very difficult for one person to move from one class to another. There were very few opportunities to change your social status and for some it was impossible. These rules were not taken lightly and people were pushed harshly if the rules were broken. These rules were very strictly enforced and everyone had to follow. These rules were in the form of laws that maintained the social structure. For example, one law stated the color and type of clothes a person could wear This made it easy for others to know which social class they were in. These classes determined a persons status in society, but also determined what kind of job they had, what rights as a human they had, and sometimes it even determined what they could wear, even their jewelry and furniture. The Monarchy In the days of queen Elizabeth the people thought the queen or the king were Gods representative on Earth and the king or queen were thought to be greater than angels, all the animals, and all the living things on earth. Naturally they were better than any other humans. A person obtained this status usually by birth, they spent their entire life in this status. From birth on they were told how to act, what to say, and how the rest of the kingdom should treat them. They knew how all others should behave around them and punish those who did not behave properly. The highest social class was the monarchy in the Elizabethan era, also known as Queen Elizabeth 1 was the leader, she was the last leader of the era and she ruled for forty five years. The Nobility The second highest rank was Nobility. They were very rich and had hugh houses. Most owned large amounts of land that they inherited. There was distinction between old and new families. The old families were Catholic and the new families were Protestant. These people were members of the court and Parliament. A Noble could only be a Noble if he was born into it or was made a Noble by the king or Queen. They had special rights. They could not be put in jail for debt. They could not be tortured. They could not be punished for a capital crime by hanging or other abuses. If put to death they had to be beheaded. They could only be tried by other Nobles. The most rich people were usually Nobles. The Gentry The Gentry is the third highest order of society in the Elizabethan Era. They were sometimes called the Aristocrats. This order was made up of Lords, that owned a lot of land, Gentlemen freeholders who took care of the land owned by the Lords. They did not have to work hard and did not do manual labor. They supported themselves off the rent paid by their tenants. They were thought of as the true rulers of the countryside. The Gentry often held the local offices, such as sheriff and surveyor of the roads. Some were the Justice of the Peace. This gave them much power. Of interest, they held these offices without pay. The Knights came from the Gentry. Being a Knight did not mean you made more money or had more power. The Knighthood could not be inherited. Below the knights were the esquires. They too could hold offices and be in Parliament. What made them special was their right to have a Coat of Arms. Most of them designed their Coat of Arms themselves. The Merchants The fourth order of society were the merchants. Unlike the first three classes, they had a very quiet lifestyle. Most of them lived in London. Most had a goal in life to become Lord Mayor of London. This would give them a lot of power. So much power that they could take on the King or Queen. These men were shopkeepers, traders, innkeepers and citizens of London. The merchants were responsible for producing goods for others to use. The Yeomanry And you, good yeoman, Whose limbs were made in England, show us here The mettle of your pasture; let us swear That you are worth your breeding; which I doubt not; For there is none of you so mean and base, That hath not noble lustre in your eyes. (Henry V, 3.1) Yeomanry was the fifth order of society. These were the people who had large amounts of property and had a Noble title if they could buy one. They did not work much since they usually had enough money to live.. Those that did work were farmers, tradesman or craftsman. It seems they were happy not to be part of the lowest part of society. The Peasantry Sir, I am a true labourer: I earn that I eat, get that I wear, owe no man hate, envy no mans happiness, glad of other mens good, content with my harm, and the greatest of my pride is to see my ewes graze and my lambs suck. (As you like it, 3.2) The Peasantry is the lowest order of Society. These people worked very hard to keep what little they had. At best, they owned a very small cottage (which gave them the name of cotters) and perhaps one to two acres of land. They could help themselves if they had a skill (carpentry or weaving) that allowed them to make some money. They most often worked for other large landowners. But they did not get paid well. The tenant farmers were just a little better off than the cotters. They were able to get jobs working the land they had rented. They rented the land from the Yeomanry, Gentry or the aristocracy. There was a system in which a tenant farmer could get a lease for the land he worked. These leases could be good for many generations and support a family for a long time. Summary For the most part, living well in the Elizabethan Era seems to have been a matter of luck. If you were fortunate enough to be born into a rich family or a family with some nobility, you had it made. You didnt have to work hard and others gave you a lot of respect. There were laws to make sure you kept your status, and others laws to make sure no one moved up into your position. I like the system we have here in America. You can be born dirt poor, work hard and wind up in White House or Trump Towers or maybe even both. Works Cited Find the information for each website that you are using. 1. Authors last name and first name (If you cannot find the authors name, begin your entry with the title of the article.) 2. The Title of the Article that you are using 3. The Name of the Webpage or the Publisher (If you cannot find the publisher, write n.p.) 4. Last updated date for the page or copyright date (If you cannot find the date, write n.d.) 5. URL (address) 6. The date you accessed the information. Pickard, Liz. The Social Structure in Elizabethan England. The British Library. n.d. https://www.bl.uk/shakespeare/articles/the-social-structure-in-elizabethan-england. Accessed March 1, 2017. Social Classes in Elizabethan Era Nobility and Gentry. Elizabethan Era England Life. 2017. ww.elizabethanenglandlife.com/social-classes-in-elizabethan-era-nobility-and-gentry.ht ml. Accessed February 23, 2017. https://www.google.com/urlthe-social-structure-in-elizabethan-england https://www.google.com/elizabethan-era-social-hierarchy https://www.elizabethanenglandlife.com%2Felizabethan-era-hierarchy-classes-ranks-in-society. https://www.google.com elizabethan-era-class-system.htm

Essay --

Edouard Manet was a French painter whose work inspired the impressionist style. His art was due to his portrayal of everyday subject matter. Manet’s principal influences of his art were that of Frans Hals and Diego Velazquez. Manet began painting everyday subjects. He used bold brush techniques while painting his subjects. His painting Le dejeuner sur l’herbe in 1863 drew a lot of attention. Manet did not gain recognition until late in life, when his portraits became much sought after. http://www.renoirinc.com/biography/artists/manet.htm Manet preferred to paint the people and places he knew best. His first and second wife frequently served as models. Manet preferred to paint from life. He wanted his model in front of him. He had to achieve this by painting rather quickly so he chose to use the right colors the first time. Manet painted in patches of color to make sharper contrasts. He used a technique called â€Å"Tachism† (Tache means â€Å"spot† or â€Å"blot† in French). Claude Monet was born in Paris France and then moved to Le Havre. Monet developed a reputation as a charcoal impressionist. The whole French Impressionist movement is names after a painting by Monet called â€Å"Impression, Sunrise.† Monet had served in the army for two years when he had to leave, so he pursued his career in art. Monet was also an impressionist artist. He became increasingly more popular as an artist. Monet painted a series of weeping willows to commemorate the many Frenchman who died in World War I. http://www.biographyonline.net/artists/claude-monet.html Monet was also a very wealthy man, he was obsessed with money and spending money. Monet was introduced to outdoor painting by Boudin which became the touchstone for his life’s work. Impre... ...if the people where alive. Manet chose to use people in his painting and Monet chose landscape for his paintings. Edouard Manet was not the very first Modern artist. Claude Monet is said to be the "Father of Modern Art" since he was the first to officially launch the Impressionist movement in 1872. Edouard Manet started off as a Realist, and did convert to Impressionism later on. In my opinion the revolutionized art because of their style of painting. They chose to use a different style of brushstroke and colors. The impact of both painters was big, but Monet had more of an impact. His Impression, Sunrise was the first painting to develop impressionism. Manet’s work became what was later to be known as modernism. Manet’s work shocked the world with some of his scandals paintings. So to me they are both equally important and had a huge impact on art today.

The Power of Individualism Revealed in The Fountainhead Essay -- Fount

The Power of Individualism Revealed in The Fountainhead      Ã‚  Ã‚   Imagine power as a form of free flowing energy, a source found within every one and for each individual. Assume that to gain power, one has to tap this resevoir of immense proportions and relish upon the rich harvest to their hearts desires. Consequently, when there is such a dealing of concentrated materials, nature takes charge and similarly to other physical abstracts, rendering this package lethal, with the potential for untold destruction. In other words, power in the wrong hands or power without responsibility is the most harzardous weapon mankind can possess. To say that power is a medium out of control and pertaining to something with incredible destruction, is rather quite true. Assuming that every one and anyone has the potential to be entitle to a share of this universal medium. Then it would be justifiable to claim that like any other unmoderated activities, raging amibition for power uncontroled could wreak havoc and acts as a catalyst in the breakdown of a society. Similar to politics which deals with the static physical component of society, there must be a more formidable source of pervailance over the mystical realm of power. There fore, this form of guidance can only exist from the mind, and as product of thought, thus the ideas within a philosophy. The Ideals warp between the covers of, The Fountainhead, Ayn Rand’s philosophical revolution of Individualistic power, is her solution to society’s request for a cure. She believe that the highest order of power stands above all alternatives as the power belonging to an individual and her mission is to prove the greatness of individualist power within the hero she christain the name Roark. ... ... in life. The true heroes will know which he is to take and reamain above all others. Those who fail, will end up in the melting pot of society, their flame of freedom extinguished. Works Cited and Consulted Berliner, Michael S., ed. Letters of Ayn Rand. By Ayn Rand. New York: Dutton, 1995. Branden, Barbara. The Passion of Ayn Rand: A biography. New York: Doubleday, 1986a Branden, Nathaniel. My Years with Ayn Rand. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass Publishers, 1999. Garmong, Dina. Personal interview. 2 Nov. 1999. Peikoff, Leonard. The Philosophy of Objectivism, A Brief Summary. Stein and Day, 1982. Rand, Ayn. The Fountainhead. New York: Plume, 1994. The Ayn Rand Institute. "A Brief Biography of Ayn Rand" [Online] available www.aynrand.org/aynrand/biography.html, 1995 Walker, Jeff. The Ayn Rand Cult. Carus Publishing Company, 1999